Causes of spondylosis include:

• The most common cause of cervical disc herniation is degenerative disc disease, which is a natural process that occurs as we age. Other causes include injury or trauma to the neck, repetitive stress on the neck, or a sudden jolt to the neck, such as in a car accident.

The symptoms of cervical disc herniation vary depending on the location of the herniated disc and the nerves that are affected. Common symptoms include:

• Pain in the neck, shoulder, arm, or hand
• Numbness or tingling in the arm or hand
• Weakness in the arm or hand
• Reduced range of motion in the neck
• Headaches
• Difficulty with fine motor skills, such as writing or buttoning a shirt

In severe cases, cervical disc herniation can cause spinal cord compression, which can lead to loss of bladder or bowel control, difficulty walking, or paralysis.

The treatment for cervical disc herniation depends on the severity of the symptoms and the degree of nerve compression. Treatment options include:

• Conservative treatment: Rest, physical therapy, and pain medication may be prescribed to manage symptoms of cervical disc herniation. Ice, heat, and other modalities may be used to relieve pain and inflammation. Physical therapy can help to strengthen the muscles of the neck and shoulders and improve range of motion.

• Epidural steroid injections: Injections of steroid medication into the epidural space around the spinal cord can help to reduce inflammation and relieve pain.

• Surgery: Surgery may be necessary if conservative treatment methods are not effective, or if there is significant nerve compression. The goal of surgery is to remove the damaged disc material and relieve pressure on the surrounding nerves. There are several surgical procedures that can be used to treat cervical disc herniation, including cervical discectomy and fusion and cervical disc replacement.

The choice of treatment depends on the severity of the herniation, the degree of nerve compression, and the patient’s overall health. In most cases, cervical disc herniation can be effectively managed with conservative treatment, and surgery is only necessary in rare cases.

In conclusion, cervical disc herniation is a condition where one of the discs in the neck becomes damaged, causing pressure on the surrounding nerves. Treatment options include conservative treatment, epidural steroid injections, and surgery, depending on the severity of the herniation and the degree of nerve compression. With proper treatment and management, most people with cervical disc herniation can expect to recover and return to their normal activities.